56.According to the author，which of the following resulted from the passage or revival of state laws limiting the work hours of women workers?

[A]Women wooers were compelled to leave their jobs in factories.

[B]Many employers had difficulty in providing jobs for returning veterans.

[C]Many employers found it hard to attract women workers.

[D]The health of most women factory workers improved.

57.According to the first paragraph of the passage，the author considers which of the following to be most helpful in determining the value of special protective labor legislation for women?

[A]A comparative study of patterns of work-related illnesses in states that had such laws and in states that did not.

[B]An estimate of how many women wooers ale in favor of such laws.

[C]An analysis of the cost to employers of complying with such laws.

[D]An examination of me actual effects that such laws have had in the past on women wooers.

58.The main point of the passage is that special protective labor laws for women workers are___.

[A]unnecessary because most workers are well protected by existing labor laws

[B] harmful to the economic interests of women wooers while offering them little or no actual protection

[C]not worth preserving even though they do represent a hard won legacy of the labor movement

[D]controversial because male workers receive less protection than they require

59.The author implies that which of the following is characteristic of many employee health insurance plans?

[A]They cover all the common medical conditions affecting men，but only some of those affecting women.

[B]They lack the special provisions for women workers that proposed special labor laws for women would provide.

[C]They pay the medical costs associated with pregnancy and childbirth only for the spouses of male employees，not for female employees.

[D]They meet minimum legal requirements，but do not adequately safeguard the health of either male or female employees.

60.According to the passage，special labor laws protecting women workers tend generally to have which of the following effects?

[A]They tend to modify the stereotypes employees often hold concerning women.

[B]They increase the advantage to employers of hiring men instead of women，making it less likely that women will be hired.

[C]They decrease the likelihood that employers will offer more protection to women workers than that which is absolutely required by law.

[D]They increase the tendency of employers to deny health insurance and disability plans to women workers.

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短文赏析

本文讨论了妇女权益保护法案对于妇女的保护作用。作者认为，法律通过之后，对于妇女的保护不是增多了，而是减少了。因为有了法律支持，雇主就可以以健康、能力等原因拒绝给与妇女工作。限制妇女工作时间的法律也帮助雇主达到了这些目的。同时，工作场所内的妇女也没有应有的保护。因此作者认为，妇女的劳动保护法律是有歧视性的，并没有发挥预想的作用。如果法律不能满足妇女的健康、工资和安全工作场所的权利，就违反了妇女受到平等保护的说法。

答案及解析

56.A【解析】从第二段前两句话可以看出，妇女被以能力和需要的理由劝离工厂，故A项正确。没有足够的工作给老兵不是由限制妇女工作时间的法律造成的，所以B项不正确。C项文中没有提及。根据文章第三段可知妇女的健康不是改善了，而是下降了，故D项也不正确。

57.D【解析】A、B、c项文中均没有提到。根据第三段的论述，可知D项是惟一正确的。

58.B【解析】根据第三段和第四段的论述，我们可以得知作者的总体看法，即特别的劳工防护法并没有保护妇女的权益，故B项正确。A项与作者的观点明显相悖，所以不正确。c项从文中不能推知，故不正确。文中没有提到男性工人的保护问题，故D项也不正确。

59.A【解析】由第二段最后一句话可知A项正确。B项不能从文中推知。C项文中没有提及。男性工人的健康在法律中是得到考虑了的，故D项不正确。

60.B【解析】对于妇女的惯常思维没有因为法律而变化，所以A项不正确。根据第二段第一句话可知B项正确。从常识判断，雇主是不会主动提出提高妇女权益保护的，所以他们的保护不会比立法前多，故C项是不正确的。D项从文中不能推断出。

补充词汇：

zeal n.热情，热忱;奋发;热心

zealous adj.热心的，热情的，积极的

zebra n.斑马;人行道

zero n. & num. 零

zest n.兴趣，热情;风味，香味

zigzag adj. & adv.之字形的(地)，弯曲的(地)

n.之字形，曲折

v.呈之字形移动，曲折行进

zinc n.锌

zip n.尖啸声，撕布声;拉链

vi.以尖啸声行进，嘘嘘地飞

vt.用拉链拉开

zip code n.邮政编码

zipper n.拉链

v.用拉链扣上

zone n.地区，区域

zoo n.动物园

zoology n.动物学;动物区系;动物特性，动物生理

zoom vi.急遽上升，猛增;嗡嗡作响，嗡嗡地疾行;(摄影机)迅速接近(或离开)被摄对象，推近(或拉远)

vt.使急速上升，使猛增

adj.有变焦距镜头的