多项细节题

Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the author?

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U.S., about half the urban pollution and one-fourth the greenhouse (温室) gases. They take a similar loss (损耗) of resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the developing world. As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming decade, the U.S. and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health-related and political costs. It is unlikely that oil prices will remain at their current low level or that other nations will accept a large and growing U.S. contribution to global climatic change.

Policymakers and industry have four options: reduce vehicle use, increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find less polluting driving systems. The last of these—in particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricity—is ultimately the only sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. For example, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host of social and environmental problems, but evidence from around the world suggests that it is very difficult to make people give up their cars to any significant extent. In the U.S., mass-transit ridership and carpooling (合伙用车) have declined since World War II. Even in Western Europe, with fuel prices averaging more than $ 1 a liter (about $ 4 a gallon) and with easily accessible mass transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80 percent of all passenger travel.

Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fuel economy has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuels such as natural gas, burned in internal-combustion engines, could be introduced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse emissions (especially because oil companies are already spending billions of dollars every year to develop less polluting types of gasoline).

35. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A) The decline of public transportation accounts for increased car use in Western Europe.

B) Cars are popular in Western Europe even though fuel prices are fairly high.

C) The reduction of vehicle use is the only sustainable option in densely populated Western Europe.

D) Western European oil companies cannot sustain the cost of developing new-type fuels.

解推理类题

We can infer from the passage that...

It can be inferred from the passage (third, last… paragraph) that…

It can be concluded from the passage that...

例 1：

Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.

1. It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably .

A) stand still B) jump aside C) step forward D) draw back

例2

Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress. University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such substance.

5. What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?

A) Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.

B) Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.

C) Emotional tears can give rise to“dry eye”syndrome in some cases.

D) Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears.