2016年12月英语四级考试全真模考练习试卷六
Part Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Passage One?
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:?
When Kathie Gifford’s face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Wal?mart clothing was exposed as the work of underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.
This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self?regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation’s largest manufacturers, cet6w.com L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.
Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public?sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer?financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years.
21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with?
A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America.
B)A serious problem threatening American economy.
C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America.
D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America.?
22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____.
A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown
B) was one of the well?paid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown
C) made much money from cheap laborers in New York City’s Chinatown
D) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers
23.The underlined phrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to ____.
A) to accept unwillingly?
B) to refuse coldly
C) to welcome warm?heartedly?
D) to blame strongly?
24.Which of the following statements about the Department of Defense is true?
A) It will become the country’s 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer.
B) It hasn’t acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct.
C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct.
D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to launch a campaign.?
25.What was the purpose of President Clinton’s administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign?
A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct.
B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct.
C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibility.
D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers.?
Passage One?
内容概要: 本文讲述了美国“工作场所操作规范”诞生的背景和实施情况。1996年，美国一些地方和部门的低收入工人抗议血汗工厂，随后克林顿政府发起“无血汗”运动，要求零售商和制造商签署《工作场所操作规范》。可是国防部拒绝执行;美国劳工部作为政府部门，却称主要要求制造商们遵守安全和卫生规定。?
21.【答案】D。?
【译文】这篇文章主要讲述什么??
【试题分析】归纳概括题(Summing up and summarizing)，这种试题要求学生能把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心大意。?
【详细解答】文章从开始就讲述众多的低收入工人集体抗议工作条件，导致Kathie Gifford的服装厂被曝光;于是克林顿政府发起“无血汗”运动，可是国防部拒绝签署《工作场所操作规范》，劳工部却称该部门主要要求制造商们遵守安全和卫生规定。可见美国政府部门对于血汗工厂的问题存有分歧，也难以解决。所以文章的中心大意是美国血汗工厂的问题目前最严重的地方是美国政府对此的态度不够统一和坚决。A)太偏，不是讲美国劳工部的职能;B)太泛，没有指明哪个问题，也不一定威胁到美国的经济;C)与文章意思相反，美国规范血汗工厂的努力并没有成功。D)最符合文章主题。?
22.【答案】C。?
【译文】根据本文，Kathie Gifford____ ??
【试题分析】细节理解题(Understanding details)。这类题一般只针对文章中某一个特定的细节，也可以涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实而设问。?
【详细解答】见文章第一句话“When Kathie Gifford...condemn such practices.”，Kathie Gifford的高利润的服装厂曝光了，之后她于1996年在报纸上被广泛报道。所以C)为正确答案。A)和B)与本句意思不符，她不是一名工人;D)说她写文章报道此事，也不对。?
23.【答案】A。?
【译文】与划线短语“to submit to” 意思最接近的是下列哪一项??
【试题分析】猜测词义题(Guessing at word meaning)。即运用一些猜测生词词义的方法，猜测生词的含义，以提高阅读速度和理解能力。?
【详细解答】可以对上下文已知部分进行逻辑的推理。前面讲到克林顿发起的“无血汗”运动勒令零售商和制造商对车间环境进行定期检查，他们肯定是不情愿的，但这是总统的命令，所以他们就“不情愿地接受”。B)“冷冷地拒绝”;C)“热烈地欢迎”;D)“强烈地谴责”均与上下文意思不符。?
24.【答案】B。?
【译文】下列关于国防部的陈述哪一项是正确的??
【试题分析】分析判断题(Making an analysis and a judgment)。即根据文章中提供的事实，经过分析、思考做出这样或那样的判断选择。?
【详细解答】这类题需要事先通读全文，理解全文主旨，尤其是关于国防部的内容;然后再将四个选项进行比较，用排除法。A)国防部是美国第14大零售服装制造商，这与文章中retail apparel outlet(零售服装批发商店)不符;B)它没有按照《工作场所操作规范》行事，这与文章中has not signed the code of conduct正好相符;C)它要求承包商签署《工作场所操作规范》， 这与文章中it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.相反;D)它要求劳工部发起一场运动，文章中没有提及。所以，对比分析可得知B为正确答案。?
25.【答案】A。?
【译文】克林顿政府发起“无血汗”运动的目的是什么??
【试题分析】细节理解中的词义转换题。这种题常常是原文有关词语和句子的转换，而不能在原文中直接找到。它要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。?
【详细解答】文章第一段最后一句话“with much fanfare， ...， their workplace conditions.”是说，克林顿政府借此小题大做，以勒令制造商们对车间环境进行定期检查。关键词有pressure(强制，压迫，勒令)，to submit to(屈服，服从)。第二段第一句话“this campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Conduct.”更加直接说明了这场运动的目的，即让他们签署并执行这一规范。故A)为正确答案。?
Passage Two?
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:?
The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal?Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part?time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.
A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money?market funds).
How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.
Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, cet6w.com?company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.
But short?term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one?year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.
With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behind treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.
With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If cet6w.com, interest rates rise to compensate.
As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need the money for a long time, then put it into stocks. If you need it soon, put it into bonds and cash.
26.This passage is intended to give advice on ____.
A) how to avoid inflation risks?
B) what kinds of bonds to buy
C) how to get rich by investing in stock market?
D) how to become richer by spreading the risk?
27.The author mentions such millionaires as the Rockefellers and Bill Gates to show that ____.
A) they are examples for us on our road to wealth
B) a portfolio is essential to financial success
C) they are really rich people
D) they started out on their own?
28.Which of the following statements will the author support?
A) Everybody can get rich with some financial assets.
B) The credit risk for treasury bonds is extremely high.
C) It’s no use trying to know the advantages of stocks, bonds and cash.
D) Everybody should realize the importance of distribution of their financial assets.?
29.The word “returns” in paragraph three can be best replaced by “____.”?
A) returning journeys?
B) profits?
C) savings?
D) investments?
30.The author of the passage points out that ____.
A) keeping cash is the only way to avoid risks
B) the longer you own a stock, the more you lost
C) the high rate of profit and high rate of risk coexist in stocks
D) the best way to accumulate wealth is by investing in stocks?