1. Linguists found that it would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if ________ of language use was left unconsidered.

A. brevity

B. context

C. accuracy

D. none of the above

2. If a sentence is regarded as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes ________.

A. a sentence

B. an act

C. a unit

D. an utterance

3. ________ act theory is an important theory in the pragmatic study of language.

A. Speaking

B. Speech

C. Sound

D. Spoken

4. One of the contributions Searle has made is his classification of ________ acts.

A. locutionary

B. illocutionary

C. perlocutionary

D. speech

5. Of the three speech act, linguistics are most interested in the ________.

A. locutionary act

B. perlocutionary act

C. illocutionary act

D. none of the above

6. Most of the violation of the maxims of the CP give rise to ________.

A. utterance meaning

B. speech act theory

C. conversational implicatures

D. all of the above

7. The significance of Grice’s CP lies in that it explains how it is possible for the speaker to convey ________ is literally said.

A. more than

B. less than

C. the same as

D. none of the above

8. Semantics can be defined as the study of ________.

A. words

B. meaning

C. communication

D. context

9. Sense relates to the complex system of relationships that hold between the linguistic elements themselves (mostly words); it is concerned with _________ relations.

A. extra-linguistic

B. intra-linguistic

C. non-linguistic

D. multi-linguistic

10. Reference deals with the relationship between the linguistic elements (words, sentences, etc) and the ________ of experience.

A. extra-linguistic

B. intra-linguistic

C. non-linguistic

D. multi-linguistic

11. Two words that are opposite in meaning are called ________.

A. synonyms

B. homonyms

C. antonyms

D. homophones

12. The pair of words “wide / narrow” are called ________.

A. gradable opposites

B. complementary antonyms

C. co-hyponyms

D. relational opposites

13. What is the meaning relationship between the two words “flower/ rose”?

A. Polysemy

B. Synonymy

C. Hyponymy

D. Antonymy

14. The words “railway” and “railroad” are ________.

A. emotive synonyms

B. dialectal synonyms

C. stylistic synonyms

D. collocational synonyms

15. The same word may have more than one meaning, which is called ________.

A. synonymy

B. homonymy

C. hyponymy

D. polysemy

16. The pair of words “lend” and “borrow” are ________.

A. gradable antonyms

B. relational opposites

C. complementary antonyms

D. none of the above

17. The way to analyze sentence meaning is called ________ analysis.

A. componential

B. Predication

C. syntactic

D. logical

参考答案： D A B C C A A 

B B C C A C B D D A