第一部分 阅读理解 (75分)

Passage 1

Tourism wasn’t as important as it is today. In the past, only people

with a good deal of money could travel on holidays to other countries. More

people travel today than in the past because there is a growing middle class

in many parts of the world, that is to say, people now have more money for

travel. Special air plane fares for tourists make travel less expensive and

more attractive than ever before.

One person doesn’t travel for the same reason as another. But most

people enjoy seeing countries that are different from their own. They also

like to meet new people and new food.

Tourism causes many changes in a country and in people’s lives. People build new hotels and restaurants and train native men a women as

guides

to show visitors interesting places. There’re new night clubs and other

amusement.

International tourism is clearly a big business.

1. In the old days _________ could travel to other countries.

○A. boys or girls, men or women, young or old

○B. either kings or queens

○C. both the poor and the rich

○D. nobody but those who had money

2. Many more people travel today than in the past because _________.

○A. people have become more interested in traveling

○B. travelling today is easier than in the past

○C. people now have spare money for travel

○D. great changes have taken place in the world

3. What makes travel more attractive than before?

○A. Travel by air to other countries is much cheaper today.

○B. More guides are being trained to show beautiful spots.

○C. Modern telegraph lines make travel less expensive.

○D. New hotels and restaurants have been built.

4. People make journeys to many parts of the world? This is because ________.

○A. they want to make a study of geography

○B. they travel for different reasons

○C. they want to taste different kinds of food

○D. they don’t want to do anything else except that they visit friends

5. Which of the following statements is true according to the article?

○A. Tourism won’t bring any changes in people’s minds.

○B. People have some trouble in making journeys.

○C. With the development of tourism, great changes will take place in many

parts of the world.

○D. Tourism causes only some changes …… and in clothing.

Passage 2

More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at

the time of Renc Coty. Charles Deschancl was then the financial minister. He

stressed that workmanship (工作质量) and quality were more important than

quantity for industrial production. It would be necessary to produce quality

goods for international market to compete with those produced in other

countries. The French economy needed a larger share of the international market

to balance its import and export trade. French industrial and agricultural

production was still not enough to meet the immediate needs of the people, let

alone long-ranged developments. Essential imports had extended the national

credit (信用) to the breaking point. Rents were tightly controlled, but the

extreme inflation (通货膨胀) affected general population most severely through

the cost of food. Food costs took as much as 80 per cent of the workers’

income. Wages, it is true, had risen, extensive family allowances (补贴) and

benefits were paid by the state, and there was full-time and overtime

employment. Taken together, these factors enabled the working class to exist

but allowed them no sense of safety. In this precarious (不安定) and

discouraging situation, workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages.

The government was not willing to let workers leave the country. It

was feared this migration of workers would deplete (使空虚) the labor force.

The lack of qualified workers might stop the improvement in the quality of

industrial products produced. Qualified workers employed abroad would only

increase the quantity of quality produced in foreign countries. Also the

quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as

part of its qualified labor force moved to other countries.

6. According to the passage, the French workers were _____________.

○A. better paid than the workers in any other European country

○B. able to save more money with the increase in his wages

○C. anxious to work abroad

○D. often unable to find work in France

7. Which was not true in French?

○A. Food costs were low.

○B. Wages had increased.

○C. The state paid family allowances.

○D. There was overtime employment.

8. According to the passage, French production ___________.

○A. was inadequate to meet the needs of the French people

○B. was flooding the international market with inferior

○C. emphasized industrial production at the expense of agricultural production

○D. was enough for the local market

9. According to the passage, the French government _____________.

○A. prohibited French to work abroad

○B. reduced taxed to fight inflation

○C. paid family allowances and benefits

○D. prohibited the French workers to join labor unions

10. Which of the following is not true?

○A. Migration of workers would deplete the labor force.

○B. The lack of qualified workers might stop the improvement in the quality of

products.

○C. Qualified workers work abroad would increase the quality of products in

foreign countries.

○D. Qualified workers work abroad was good for France. Passage 3

Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities

of money some 2,000 years ago. It must be lasting and easy to recognize, to

divide, and to carry about.

When we think of money today, we picture it ……as round, flat

pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are

still parts of the world today where coins and notes are of no use. They will

buy nothing, and a traveler might starve if he had none of the particular

local "money" to …… Among remote people, who are not often reached by

traders from outside, commerce usually means barter (物物交换). There is a

direct exchange of goods. Perhaps it is fish for vegetables, meat for grain, or

various kinds of food in exchange for pots, baskets, or other manufactured

goods. For this kind of simple trading, money is not needed, but there is often

something that everyone wants and everybody can use, such as salt to flavor

(给……调味) food, shells for ornaments(装饰), or iron and copper to make into

tools and pots. These things-salt, shells or metals-are till used as money in

out-of-the way parts of the world today.

Salt may rather a strange substance to use as money, but in

countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an

absolute necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as

money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt will still buy goods in

Berneo and parts of Africa.

Cowrie sea shells have been used as money at some time or another

over the greater part of the Old World. These were collected mainly from the

beaches of the Maldive Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India

and China. In Africa, cowries were traded right across the continent from East

to West. Four or five thousand went for one Maria Theresa dollar, an Austrian

silver coin which was once accepted as money in many parts of Africa.

Metal, valued by weight, early coins in many parts of the world.

Iron, in lumps, bars or rings is still used in many countries instead of money.

It can either be exchanged for goods, or made into tools, weapons or

ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze (青铜),

ten in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The

earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old-older

than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.

Nowadays, coins and notes have taken place of nearly all the more

interesting forms of money, and although in one or two of the more remote 　countries people still hold it for future use on ceremonial (仪式的) occasions

such as weddings and funerals (葬礼), examples of early money will soon be

found only in museums.

11. In some parts of the world a traveler might starve __________.

○A. even if his money was of the local kind

○B. even if the had no coins or notes

○C. if the did not know the local rate of exchange

○D. even if he had plenty of coins and notes

12. Barter usually takes the place of money transaction where __________.

○A. there is only salt

○B. the people’s trading needs are fairly simple

○C. metal tools are used

○D. only for ceremonial purposes

13. Salt is still used as money __________.

○A. in Tibet

○B. in the Maldive Islands

○C. in several countries

○D. only for ceremonial purposes

14. Four or five thousand cowrie shells used to be __________.

○A. as valuable as a Maria Theresa dollar

○B. valued because they were easy to carry

○C. useful currency in south America

○D. useful currency in south America

15. The earliest known coins from the eastern Mediterranean _________.

○A. are as old as the earliest known Chinese coins

○B. are old than the earliest known Chinese coins

○C. are not as old as the earliest known Chinese coins

○D. were much larger than their Chinese equivalents