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考研语法入门篇:特殊限定词的用法比较

分类: 考研  时间: 2019-04-09 13:22:16  作者: 全国等级考试资料网 

  摘要:考研英语中,冠词、物主限定词、名词属格、指示限定词、基数词和序数词等等,都属于限定词。今天帮帮与大家一起学习一些特殊限定词的用法。

  ►表示“多”的限定词

  表示“多”的限定词有many, much, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等。

  1)many, much常用于否定句和疑问句,而a lot of等则常用于肯定句。

  I haven't seen many English novels.

  Have you drunk much water today?

  I have seen a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great number of English novels.

  I have drunk a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great amount of water today.

  2)many / much 既可作限定词,也可作不定代词,a lot 也可单独用作名词词组:

  Have you seen all these novels? ----No, I haven't done very many.

  You have done a lot for me.

  ►表示“少”的限定词

  表示“少”的限定词有(a) few, (a) little。

  1)a few, a little表示"少量",带有肯定意义。

  Let's invite a few friends to our party.

  I had a little difficulty in reading this poem.

  2)few / little表示否定意义,相当于not many / much, not enough。

  I have very few pens left. Could you give me some more.

  There is little food in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket.

  3)quite a few, a good few, not a few表示“相当多”。

  Quite a few of us are getting tired.

  You'll have to wait a good few days.

  ►表示“一些”的限定词

  表示“一些”的限定词有some, any。

  1)some 是肯定词,常用于肯定句;any是非肯定词,常用于否定句或疑问句。

  There are some books for me.

  There aren't any books for me.

  Are there any books for me?

  2)any也常用于条件分句:

  If you have any trouble, please call me.

  3)当说话人期待肯定回答时,some也可用于疑问句。

  Would you like some cake?

  4)some与单数可数名词搭配时,表示“某一”;any与单数可数名词搭配,表示“任何一个”。

  Some boy has broken the bowl.

  Any child could answer that question.

  ►特殊限定词

  1) 表示“全体”,可用all 和both。其中both则表示两者的“全体”,all表示三者及以上的“全体”。

  All the ten applicants today are below the average. 今天所有这十位申请者都在平均数以下。

  Both his parents are doctors. 他父母两人都是医生。

  2)表示“全体都不”,则需要用none和neither:both---neither,all---none/ none(指人)。

  None of the students passed the examination. 没有一个学生通过考试。

  = No one passed the examination. 没有一个学生通过考试。(no one只能指人,不能指物。)

  Neither of the two students passed the examination. 两个学生都没有通过考试。

  3)表示全体中的“每个”",用each和every。其中,两者之间必须用each,三者及以上既可以用each,也可以用every。

  Each side of the street was full of flowers. 街道的两边都是鲜花。

  Every student in the class all passed the examination. 这个班的每个学生都通过了考试。

  4)表示全体中的“任何一个”,两者之间用either,三者及以上用any。

  I have two pens. You can take either (one).

  Any child would know how to do it. 每个孩子都知道如何做这个。

  5)这一类词,除every只能作限定词外,都是既可作限定词,也可作不定代词。

  all (of) the boys

  both (of) the boys

  every boy / every one of the boys

  each boy / each (one) of the boys

  either boy / either (one) of the (two) boys

  neither boy / neither (one) of the (two) boys

  any boy / any (one) of the (three or more) boys

  (实习小编:二哈)

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