2019年3月公共英语三级考前模拟题
第一题
Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem-how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bubs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campus’s six buildings comfortable.
Some parts of most modern buildings-theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called "heat recovery." A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University’s system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.
Along the way, pit has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. (76) Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardworking, overweight male genius.
练习题
1. Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it ______.
A. was difficult to collect
B. came in a variety of forms
C. was difficult to get rid of
D. tended to be absorbed by physical objects
. Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?
A. The heat is supplied by human bodies only.
B. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objects.
C. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.
D. The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel.
3.The phrase "even in winter" (in line 8) most nearly means ______.
A. if the winter is especially warm
B. during all of the year except the winter
C. in the winter as well as in other seasons
D. during the evenings in the winter
4. The phrase "heat recovery" refers to a ______.
A. method of concealing the source of heat
B. special form of air conditioning
C. supplementary hot water system
D. way of reclaiming and re-using heat
5. According to the passage which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?
A. A fat female who studies hard.
B. A thin female who does not study.
C. A fat male who does not study.
D. A thin male who studies hard.
参考答案及解析
1.C 答案是开头的第二句：The usual problem is how to dispose of it。Dispose of "处理解决"。
2.B 答案在第一段的第三句中。他们设计了一种收集系统，它不但利用身体的热，还收集由灯泡、冰箱等散发出来的热。有了这两种热能，作者指出在校园中已无需任何conventional fuel
3.C 第二段中说：大多数现代化的大楼有些部分-戏院、办公室以及教室是用人体和灯光的热来供热的，有时候甚至在冬天的空调也是由它们来供热。Even意为"甚至"。
4.D 回收再利用热能。此题考察学生对全文的总结能力，以及reclaim和re-use的词义。
5.B 最后一段倒数第二句说：男学生发出的热量比女生发出的热量多，学生体重越重产生的热量越多。学习刻苦的比学习不刻苦的产生的热量多。所以最瘦的女生产生的热量最少。
第二题
Read the following text. Choose the bestword or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET I.
Western-style conversations often developquite differently from Japanese-style conversations. A Western-styleconversation between two people is like a 26 of tennis. If Iintroduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you do 27 it back.If you agree with me, I don’t expect you simply to agree andto 28 more. I expect you to add something to carry the ideafurther.29 I don’t expect you always to agree. I am justas 30 if you completely disagree with me.31 you agree or disagree,your 32 will return the ball to me. And then it is my turn 33. Idon’t serve a new ball from my _ 34 starting line. I hit your ball backagain to you by 35 your idea further. And so the ball goes back andforth,36 each of us doing our best to give it a new twist.
A Japanese-style conversation,37, is not atall like tennis or volleyball. It’s like bowling.You 38 for yourturn. And you always know your 39 in line. It depends on such thingsas whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a relativestranger 40 the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, andso on. When your turn comes, you.41 up to the starting line with yourbowling ball, and 42 bowl it. Everyone else stands back and watchespolitely, whispering 43. Everyone waits until the ball has reached the endof the alley, and watches to see if it 44 down all the pins, or onlysome of them, or none of them. There is a pause, while every- one registersyour 45
练习题
6. A.play B.game C.round D. set
7. A.hit B.move C] throw D. push
8. A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something
9. A.Then B.So C.Instead D.But
10. A.anxious B.serious C.happy D.grateful
11. A.After B.Because C.Though D.Whether
12. A.response B.action C.operation D.service
13. A.also B.again C.too D.soon
14. A.actual B.new C.particular D.original
15. A.deepening B.carrying C J leading D.employing
16. A.with B.for C.before D.except
17. A.therefore B.moreover C.likewise D.however
18. A.wonder B.work C.wait D.watch
19. A.point B.place C.post D.pole
20. A.than B.beside C.to D.with
21. A.step B.climb C.stand D.catch
22. A.accurately B.carefully C.awkwardly D.courageously
23. A ]instruction B.satisfaction C.agreement D.encouragement
24. A.knocks B.pushes C.kicks D. puts
25. A.line B.work C.score D.outcome
参考译文
当今最流行的图书就是被归类为科幻小说的图书。每年都有成百上千的图书出版，并被各类人群阅读。而且近些年来最成功的一些电影都是基于科幻小说的故事拍摄的。
人们通常认为科幻小说是文学中非常新的一个发展，但是你可以在几百年前的书中找到它祖先的踪迹。这些书通常是关于理想社会形式的一些呈现，在现代故事中仍然可以发现这个主题。
然而，大多数科幻小说的经典之作都是在近一百多年里创竹的。以两位著名的作家儒勒·凡尔纳和赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯为例，他们的书已经被翻译成了很多种语言。
现代科幻小说作家不再写来自火星或太空的人的历险故事。他们对技术发展给社会和人类思想带来的结果更感兴趣;或者他们会想象未来世界，那往往是我们现今居住的世界的反映。正因如此，他们的作品有明显的政治暗示。
在一个科学事实屡次超越科幻小说的年代，作家们可能发现领先科学进步是困难的。然而，那些足够聪明、有远见的人看清了我们正在走的路，他们或许会提供珍贵的一课，告诉我们如何应对社会在努力掌握新技术以及与不断变化的世界观妥协的过程中将面临的无法避免的问题。
参考答案及解析
6.C 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。present呈现，提交;copy模仿，抄写;publish出版，发行;conclude结束，断定。此处是说，“每年都有成百上千的图书出版，并被各类人群阅读”，只有publish符合文意，故选C。
7.B 【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。there—fore因此;furthermore而且;instead反而，却;nevertheless然而。前文提到“当今最流行的图书就是被归类为科幻小说的图书。每年都确成百上千的图书出版，并被各类人群阅读。”此处提到“近些年来最成功的一些电影都是基于科幻小说的故事拍摄的”，可知此处要表达的是递进关系，故选B。
8.A 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。base以…为基础;build建立，发展;found建立，建造;form形成，成立。这里是说“近些年来最成功的一些电影都是基于科幻小说的故事拍摄的”，be based on表示“根据，以…为基础”，符合文意，故选A。
9.D 【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。approach人口，方法;discovery发现;activity活动;development发展。科幻小说并不是文学的方法，发现或活动，而是文学方面的一项新发展，故选D。
10.D 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。deduce演绎;describe描写，描述;feel感觉;find找到。根据文意，人们通常认为科幻小说是文学中非常新的一个发展，但是你可以在几百年前的书中寻到它祖先的踪迹。因为此踪迹存在于书中，无法被我们演绎，描述或感觉，只能被找到，故选D。
11.B 【精析】本题考查固定用法。be concerned with与…有关，关于…;be concerned for/a-bout担心的，烦恼的，忧虑的。根据文意可知此处表示的意思是图书内容与…有关，故选B。
12.C 【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。spirit精神;story故事;theme主题;title题目。前文提到“这些书通常是关于理想社会形式的一些呈现”，这也是书的主题，故选C。
13.A 【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。however然而;moreover而且;thus如此，这样;like-wise同样，也。前文中提到科幻小说在几百年前就可寻到踪迹，而此处说大多数经典科幻小说都是在近一百多年里创作的，两者在时间上面存在差异，由此可推断出此处表示的是转折关系，故选A。
14.C 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。recall回忆;quote引用;mention提到，提及;introduce介绍。文中以两位著名作家的作品举例，由此可知，此处表示的意思是“提到，说起”，to mention…做插入语，意为“提起…”，故选C。
15.D 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。analyze分析;apply应用;follow跟随;forecast预测。根据文意，技术发展给社会和人类思想带来的结果是还未发生的，只能预测出来，而无法进行分析，应用或跟随，故选D。
16.A 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。imagine想象;0bserve观察;assume以为，假定;perceive察觉，感知。根据文意，未来世界往往是对现实的反映。未来世界并非客观存在，我们无法观察，以为或感知，而只能想象，故选A。
17.A 【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。because of因为;contrary to与…相反;regardless of不管;similar to与…相似。前文提到书中的世界“往往是我们现今居住的世界的反映”，此处又说“他们的作品有明显的…暗示”，由此可推知后者的产生是由前者引起的，两者是因果关系，故选A。
18.C 【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。economic经济的;academic学术的;political政治的;literary文学的。根据前文书中的世界“往往是我们现今居住的世界的反映”可知，此处表示的意思是作品带有政治色彩，而非经济、学术或文学方面的色彩，故选C。
19.A 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。overtake超过，赶上;overestimate对…评价过高;over-come克服;overlook俯瞰，忽略。根据后文“作家们可能发现难以…科学进步”可知此句表达的是科学事实与科幻小说发展的比较，0vertake意为“超过，赶上”，符合文意，故选A。
20.D 【精析】本题考查短语意思辨析。keep up with跟上，不落后于;keep out of避开;keep in with继续和…友好相处;keep ahead of领先于。根据前文科学事实屡次赶上科幻小说可推断出，作家们已经觉得领先科学进步并非易事，故选D。
21.B 【精析】本题考查副词词义辨析。effectively有效地;sufficiently充分地，足够地;successfully成功地;efficiently高效地。根据上下文可知，此处需要一个表示程度的副词，sufficiently可修饰clear-sighted，意为“足够聪明的”，故选B。
22.B 【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。information信息，消息;lesson一课，教训;result结果;sign记号，手势。根据后文“告诉我们如何应对…的问题”可推断出只有lesson符合文意，故选B。
23.C 【精析】本题考查副词词义辨析。incidentally偶然地;incredibly难以置信地;inevitably无法避免地;initially最初。由后文可推断出，这些问题是社会在与新技术、世界观斗争的过程中无法避免会出现的，其他三项均不合文意，故选C。
24.B 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。realize了解，实现;master掌握;control控制;accomplish完成，达到。realize和accomplish后面一般都跟dream、goal之类的抽象名词，control在此处不符文意，故选B。
25.D 【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。promising有前景的;prevailing流行的，普遍的;coufusing令人困惑的;changing不断变化的。由前文“come to terms with”即“妥协，适应”可推知，人们的世界观是不断变化的，故选D。