Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word.

Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET l.

Pollution is a“dirty”word.To pollute means to contaminate-topsoil or something by introducing impurities which make(31) ___unfit or unclean to use.Pollution comes in many forms.We see it，smell it，(32) ___it，drink it，and stumble through it.We literally lived in and breathe pollution，and(33) ___surprisingly，it is beginning to(34) ___our health，our happiness，and our civilization.

Once we thought of pollution(35) ___meaning simply the smog--the choking，stinging，dirty(36) ___that hovers over cities.But air pollution，while it is(37) ___the most dangerous，is only one type of contamination among several(38) ___attack the most basic life functions.

Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides，man has polluted the land，(39) ___the wildlife.By(40) ___sewage and chemicals into rivers and lakes，we have contaminated our(41) ___water.We are polluting the oceans，too，killing the fish and(42) ___depriving ourselves(43) ___an invaluable food supply.

Part of the problem is our exploding(44) ___.More and more people are producing more wastes.But this problem is intensified by our“throw—away”technology.Each year Americans(45) ___of 7 million autos，20 million tons of waste paper，25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans.We throw away gum wrappers，newspapers，and paper plates.It is no longer wise to(46) ___anything.Today almost everything is disposable. (47) ___of repairing a toaster or a radi0，it is easier and cheaper to buy another one and discard the old，even(48) ___95 percent of its parts may still be functioning.Baby diapers，which used to be made of reusable cloth，are now paper throw-aways.Soon we will wear clothing made of(49) ___：“Wear it once and throw it away”will be the slogan of the fashionable consciousness.

Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump，or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem?(50) ___，solutions are in sight.A few of them are positively ingenious.

答案解析

参考译文

污染是一个“肮脏”的词语。污染就是弄脏——表土或什么东西，通过引进杂质使其不健康或不洁。污染可以有很多形式。我们可以看见它，闻到它，尝到它，喝到它，从它中间挣扎走过。我们简直生活在污染中，呼吸着它，毫不奇怪，它开始威胁我们的健康、我们的幸福和我们的文明。

我们曾经把污染只是想成烟雾——盘旋在城市上空的那种呛人、刺鼻、肮脏的空气。但是空气污染虽然是最为危险的，但也只是几种攻击最基本生活功能的污染之一。

通过不加控制地使用杀虫剂。人类已经污染了土地，杀死了野生动物。通过将污水和化学物质倾倒进河流和湖泊，我们已经污染了我们的饮用水。我们也正在污染海洋，杀死鱼类，因而剥夺了我们那无价的食物供应。

人口爆炸也是引起污染的原因之一。越来越多的人正在制造越来越多的垃圾。但是，这一问题被我们的“一次性”技术加剧了。每年美国人都要扔掉700万辆汽车、2，000万吨废纸、2，500万磅牙膏皮和4，800万个罐子。我们还扔掉口香糖包装纸、报纸和纸盘。再次利用已经不再明智了。今天。几乎所有东西都可以扔掉。比起修一台烤箱或收音机，买一台新的、扔掉旧的更容易、更便宜，虽然它95%的部件仍可以使用。婴儿尿布以前用循环使用的布制成，现在都变成纸质的一次性产品了。不久我们就会穿上纸质的衣服：“穿一次就扔掉”将成为流行意识的口号。

所有这些到什么时候才能结束?我们是不是正在把世界变成一个巨大的垃圾场，或者我们还有没有希望解决污染问题?幸运的是，已经有了解决问题的办法，有几种办法还十分具有独创性。