意大利语语法素材:祈使语气
The imperative verb forms are used to give orders or advice, to urge strongly, and to exhort. It is a simple tense—in the sense that it isn’t compound—and has only one form, the present. Furthermore, you can address your command only to an informal form of "you": tu or voi, depending on whether you are talking to one or more people.
When conjugating a first-conjugation Italian verb, the familiar singular (tu) command is the same as the third-person singular (Lei) form of the present indicative, and the plural voi command is the same as the voi form of the present indicative (see the table below).
FIRST-CONJUGATION VERB IMPERATIVES | ||
INFINITIVE | TU | VOI |
cantare | Canta! | Cantate! |
mangiare | Mangia! | Mangiate! |
parlare | Parla! | Parlate! |
The familiar commands for regular -ere and -ire verbs are the same as the tu and voi forms of the present indicative (see the table below).
SECOND- AND THIRD-CONJUGATION VERB IMPERATIVES | ||
INFINITIVE | TU | VOI |
dormire | Dormi! | Dormite! |
finire | Finisci! | Finite! |
pulire | Pulisci! | Pulite! |
salire | Sali! | Salite! |
scrivere | Scrivi! | Scrivete! |
vendere | Vendi! | Vendete! |
Although the imperative conjugation has a form you’re already familiar with, there are some Italian verbs that have irregular forms for the familiar commands in the tu and voi forms (see the table below).
SECOND- AND THIRD-CONJUGATION VERB IMPERATIVES | ||
INFINITIVE | TU | VOI |
andare (to walk) | Va’! | Andate! |
avere (to have) | Abbi! | Abbiate! |
dare (to give) | Da’! | Date! |
dire (to say, to tell) | Di’! | Dite! |
essere (to be) | Sii! | Siate! |
fare (to make) | Fa’! | Fate! |
sapere (to know) | Sappi! | Sappiate! |
stare (to stay) | Sta’! | State! |